'자전거 /공개'에 해당되는 글 42건</h3>
- 2010.06.05 The Science of Carbohydrate Loading - http://www.marathontraining.com/articles/art_39th.htm 1
- 2010.05.07 San Elijo Profile
- 2010.04.24 자전거를 타는 목적은?
- 2010.04.19 Swami's 2008 Palomar Hill Climb Results
- 2010.03.13 bicycle calculator - new site
- 2010.01.30 Wheel test result
- 2010.01.22 GROUP RIDING TIPS - http://www.roble.net/marquis/group_ride.tips
- 2009.09.07 Fuji Finest RC
- 2009.09.06 Scattante XRL Frame Geometry
- 2009.07.29 Alex A-Class A200 wheelset
- 2009.07.11 Ultegra 6500, 6600, Dura Ace 7900, SRAM Red 무게 비교 1
- 2009.07.06 2003 Scattante R-650 1
- 2009.06.29 자전거 무게 2
- 2009.03.21 퇴근 시간 갱신 - 5:53
- 2009.03.11 간만의 자전거 출퇴근
- 2009.02.13 Shimano chain check 0.75%, 1% 1
- 2009.02.12 Dedacciai Force alloy tube 2
- 2009.02.10 Alex A-Class ALX300 wheelset information (http://www.aclass-wheels.com/road_alx300.html) 3
- 2009.02.09 우리 동네 연습 코스
- 2009.02.07 Easton EA90 SLX 08 and 09 1
The Science of Carbohydrate Loading - http://www.marathontraining.com/articles/art_39th.htm
| 자전거 /공개 2010. 6. 5. 05:45The Science of Carbohydrate Loading
By David Peterson
A valid connection between hypoglycemia, fatigue and premature termination of exercise been firmly established and therefore carbohydrate loading is a proven form of boosting running endurance in prolonged events lasting more than two hours in duration. While there are various methods of carbo-loading, the process basically involves consuming large quantities of carbohydrate-rich food in order to saturate the body’s carbohydrate stores. It is proposed that with these increased energy stores, the competitor will be able to avoid exercise-induced hypoglycemia and continue exercising longer than if this saturation process had not occurred. This article aims to further explain how to perform carbohydrate loading and the reasoning behind its practice.
The human body is able to store carbohydrates for energy use in the liver and the muscles in the form of a substance known as glycogen. This carbohydrate store is basically human "starch" and is able to be quickly broken down to fuel the muscles during high intensity exercise (muscle glycogen) and to maintain blood glucose levels
Remember also that muscle glycogen is committed to be used by muscle and cannot assist in maintaining blood sugar levels. Therefore should no additional carbohydrate be ingested during prolonged exercise, the task of maintaining blood glucose levels rests firmly on the liver’s glycogen stores and gluconeogenesis (the manufacturing of glucose from plasma amino acids). Oxidation of blood glucose at 70-80% VO2 max is about 1.0 g/min or about 60 g/hour. Therefore it can be predicted that even with full glycogen stores, a less conditioned athlete’s liver will be depleted of its carbohydrate within and hour and three quarters of continuous moderate intensity exercise. (Interestingly, the daily carbohydrate requirements of the brain and nervous system alone are enough to deplete the liver glycogen stores within 24 hours.) Once liver glycogen levels begin to drop and exercise continues the body becomes increasingly hypoglycemic (low blood sugar) mainly because blood glucose is depleted faster than it is replaced by gluconeogenesis. Professor Tim Noakes considers liver glycogen depletion and subsequent hypoglycemia to be the primary factors affecting fatigue and performance during extended duration races and especially in instances where muscle glycogen levels are low as well.
The amount of additional carbohydrate that is able to be stored in the body is dependent on diet and athlete conditioning level. For an untrained individual consuming a high carbohydrate (75%) diet, glycogen stores may increase up to 130g and 360g for liver and muscle respectively for a total storage of 490g. For an athlete training on a daily basis consuming a normal diet (45% carbohydrate), glycogen levels approximate 55g and 280g for liver and muscle respectively yielding a total of 330g. However, should this same well-conditioned athlete consume a high diet (75% carbohydrate), their total carbohydrate reserves may soar up to 880g with approximately 160g stored in the liver and 720g in the muscle. Clearly the conditioned athlete’s muscles are much more efficient at storing carbohydrates than those of his or her unconditioned competitor. In saturating the muscle by consuming of high levels of carbohydrate, the athlete automatically increases their time to hypoglycemic fatigue several fold.
Several methods for carbohydrate loading have been described in the literature. The most familiar method is the traditional “glycogen stripping” or carbohydrate-depletion/carbohydrate loading method. This method basically involves the athlete exercising to exhaustion the sixth day before a major competition and for the next three days consuming a high protein-fat, low carbohydrate diet (less than 10% total energy). On day three the athlete again exercises to exhaustion but for the following three days consumes a high carbohydrate diet (90%). The aim of this method is to severely deplete the glycogen reserves of the body to cause a “super compensation” effect in carbohydrate stores. Research has demonstrated however, that this glycogen stripping method may not in fact be necessary to achieve optimal carbohydrate saturation in well-trained individuals and that this super compensation effect may not even occur. Studies have demonstrated that athletes simply consuming a high carbohydrate diet (75%) for three days prior to competition resulted in carbohydrate stores comparable to those individuals who performed the glycogen stripping method. In addition, the amount of training performed before the start of the traditional regime has little effect on the resulting carbohydrate stores. Therefore, a well-conditioned athlete may need to do little more than consume a higher quantity of carbohydrates in the three days before competition to receive full benefit.
Optimal carbohydrate loading can be achieved if approximately 600g of carbohydrate is consumed daily for two to three days. It is probably of little matter if the extra carbohydrate is consumed as simple (glucose) or complex (starch) carbohydrate. Most carbohydrates are digested quickly and enter the bloodstream via the intestine much the same as if glucose had been ingested. Replenishment rates are higher immediately after exercise due to increased insulin sensitivity. The amount ingested should be about 50 to 80g starting immediately after exercise repeated two hourly and continuing for the first six hours. Full glycogen replenishment is usually achieved within 20 hours using this method; however the most rapid glycogen resynthesis is observed when glucose is infused directly into the bloodstream, yielding absolute peak muscle glycogen concentrations of near 800g (assuming approximately 20 kg of muscle) within about eight hours. Full replenishment of glycogen after an extended event may take several days longer due to muscle damage resulting from repeated cycles of concentric and eccentric contractions.
With the benefits associated with carbohydrate loading it may be helpful to mention some possible disadvantages to following this procedure. Firstly, glycogen storage is associated with a concomitant storage of water. It is estimated that every gram of glycogen stored is associated with about 2.7g of water. Therefore, a well-conditioned athlete with total glycogen stores approaching 800g will find their body weight about 2kg heavier at the start of the race. This increased body weight will have implications on running economy and performance at least near the beginning of the event when energy reserves will be high. As the muscles and other organs progressively oxidize the glycogen stores during exercise, the stored water is again released into the body. This may in turn complicate the fluid requirements of the athlete, requiring them to consume less than a non-carbohydrate loaded competitor. A possible solution for water retention and weight gain is for the athlete to load to a lesser degree and ingest a carbohydrate/electrolyte enriched drink during exercise to help maintain blood glucose and electrolyte balance (consuming carbohydrate during an event in the fully loaded state is overkill and produces no additional benefit). Another drawback to carbohydrate loading if performed incorrectly is gastric/intestinal upset. Very large amounts of ingested carbohydrate can affect the osmolarity of the intestine. In other words, carbohydrates (especially simple/processed sugars) in the intestine draw water into the gut by osmosis affecting the water balance and may cause intestinal upset and diarrhea. As mentioned, an athlete should aim to consume about 600g a day preferably in multiple meals/sittings to avoid overloading the
digestive capacities of the body.
In conclusion, this article has demonstrated the many benefits associated with carbohydrate loading. This process should be viewed as an effective and simple method for improving performance and endurance during extended duration exercise events. Increasing body carbohydrate stores before competition ensures sufficient energy to avoid hypoglycemic related fatigue and early termination of exercise. Simply consuming higher quantities of carbohydrate three days before competition may suffice for most athletes; however it is important to follow the loading regimen correctly to avoid intestinal upset. Exercise science is still exploring the significance and the relative contribution of the two sources of glycogen stores to exercise performance and further research will hopefully cast more light on connections relating to fatigue.
References and further reading: More information on carbohydrate loading and a detailed explanation of carbohydrate contributions during exercise can be found in "Lore of Running", authored by Tim Nokes, MD, a classic book in its fourth edition dedicated not only to running performance, but to cutting edge exercise physiology as well.
David Petersen is an Exercise Physiologist/Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist and the owner and founder of B.O.S.S. Fitness Inc. based in Oldsmar,
Florida.
http://www.bossfitness.com/
david@bossfitness.com
Main hill is 745m (11.30%) and there are two main hard parts.
One is 138m (13.04%), the other one is 130m (17.46%).
Most steepest area is 9m (26.67%).
This is the hardest hill that I found.
- 자전거 타면서 도 닦기
- 지나가다 만나는 다른 라이더와의 약간의 경쟁을 통한 자신의 실력 확인, 주로 자기 반성의 기회
2. 더 먼거리를 가보기 위해서
- 100 mile
- 150 mile
- 200 mile
3. 더 힘든 코스를 타보기 위해서
- 100 mile 5000ft gain
- 100 mile 10000ft gain
4. 시간을 단축하기 위해서
- Fiesta Island TT (12.5 mile)
- Palomar Uphill TT (13.5 mile or 11.9 mile?)
5. 자전거 타는 실력을 올리기 위해서
- CAT5
- CAT4
- CAT3
- CAT2
- CAT1
- Professional
- National Champion
- World Champion
6. 남을 이기기 위해서?
- 누구(?)를 이기기 위해서인가?
1등이 무려 1:02:40 이랍니다.
꼴찌가 1:33:25 이랍니다.
Greg Lemond가 49분대 비공식 기록을 가지고 있다고 하지요.
코스는 정확한 설명은 없지만 Taco 가게 앞에서 정상 삼거리가 아닐까 싶습니다.
저번에 올라갈때 이 구간의 랩 타입 기록은 1:26:55 였습니다.
제 기록으로는 뒤에서 4등 정도 하겠군요. ㅎㅎ
세상에 강자는 많습니다.
샌 엘리호에서 Swami's 유니폼만 봐도 요즘 긴장합니다.
기록은 아래 첨부합니다.
There is no more effective way to become a motivated cyclist than finding a good regular group ride. Here are some group riding techniques common around the world.
Roger Marquis (www.roble.net/marquis) See also rec.bicycles FAQ 9.31 |
Finest RC MSRP:$1,660
Specification
Sizes | XS (44), S (47), M (50), L (53) |
Color(s) | Dark Blue |
Main frame | Fuji Compact Altair 2 lite custom butted aluminum with PowerDiamond down tube, Integrated head tube, double water bottle mounts |
Rear triangle | Fuji carbon seat stays, Fuji Altair 2 aluminum chain stays, Fuji forged road dropout with replaceable derailleur hanger, |
Fork | FC-770 Fuji Bonded Carbon Integrated w/ 1 1/8" Alloy Steerer |
Crankset | FSA Gossamer Compact MegaExo, w/ Integrated spindle, 7075 CNC 34/50T Chainrings |
Bottom bracket | FSA MegaExo Exterior Bearing System |
Pedals | Nil |
Front derailleur | Shimano 105, 31.8mm |
Rear derailleur | Shimano ULTEGRA |
Shifters | Shimano R-700 Reach Adjust STI shifter/brake, 20-speed Flight Deck compatible |
Cassette | Shimano 105, 11-25T 10-speed |
Chain | KMC DX-10 |
Wheelset | A-Class ALX- 200, 700c clincher |
Tires | Continental UltraSport, 700 x 23c |
Tubes | CST Ultralight presta |
Brake set | Tektro R-570 w/Cartridge pads |
Brake levers | Shimano R-700 STI |
Headset | Tange IS-24 1 1/8" Integrated Road w/ 10mm conex spacer |
Handlebar | Fuji UltraLite 6061 Double Butted, 31.8mm w/Anatomical drops |
Stem | Fuji PROLITE AL 3D forged, +/-6 degree |
Tape/grip | Fuji custom cork wrap |
Saddle | Fuji WoS.O. Specific |
Seat post | Fuji PRO Forged Alloy, 350mm |
Seat clamp | Fuji Superlite Alloy, 31.8mm Laser Etched |
Other | 7075 alloy water bottle bolts |
Weight, lb./kg. | 19.12/8.69 |
Geometry
Description | XS (44) | S (47) | M (50) | L (53) | |
A | SEAT TUBE, CENTER TO TOP | 440.0 | 470.0 | 500.0 | 530.0 |
C-2 | EFFECTIVE TOP TUBE LENGTH | 510.0 | 525.0 | 545.0 | 555.0 |
D | CHAIN STAY | 405.0 | 405.0 | 405.0 | 405.0 |
E | BB DROP | 69.0 | 69.0 | 69.0 | 69.0 |
F | FORK OFFSET | 45.0 | 45.0 | 45.0 | 45.0 |
G | HEAD TUBE ANGLE | 70.0 | 71.0 | 71.5 | 72.0 |
H | SEAT TUBE ANGLE | 76.0 | 74.5 | 73.5 | 73.5 |
I | WHEEL BASE | 986.1 | 980.4 | 987.8 | 994.0 |
J | STAND OVER HEIGHT | 711.1 | 730.2 | 753.8 | 778.0 |
HEAD TUBE LENGTH | 110.0 | 120.0 | 140.0 | 160.0 | |
reach | 368.0 | 370.0 | 381.9 | 385.0 | |
stack | 522.0 | 533.0 | 547.8 | 570.0 | |
trail | 66.2 | 63.1 | 63.1 | 56.8 | |
STEM LENGTH | 90.0 | 90.0 | 100.0 | 110.0 | |
STEM ANGLE | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | |
HANDLEBAR WIDTH | 400.0 | 400.0 | 400.0 | 420.0 | |
HANDLEBAR RISE | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
CRANK LENGTH | 165.0 | 165.0 | 170.0 | 172.5 | |
TOE CLIP SIZE | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
SEAT POST DIAMETER |
|
6500 | 6600 | 7900 | RED | |
Front Deraileur | 106 | 103 | 66 | 71 |
Rear Deraileur | 225 | 206 | 166 | 146 |
Bottom Bracket | 248 | 100 | 88 | 105 |
Crank | 616 | 733 | 659 | 639 |
Chain | 292 | 280 | 280 | 265 |
Cassette | 194 | 242 | 188 | 161 |
Brake | 336 | 335 | 295 | 262 |
Control Lever | 453 | 490 | 367 | 318 |
SUM | 2470 | 2489 | 2109 | 1967 |
여기서 6500은 트리플인데, 12-21T 카세트 무게에서 50g이 줄어들므로
사실 더블과 트리플의 무게 차이는 별로 나지도 않겠더군요. 100g도 안날 것 같습니다.
새로 나오는 6700은 7900보다 130g이 더 나간다고 했으니
2250g 정도, Ultegra SL은 2400g 정도 나가지 않을까 싶습니다.
결국, 6500에서 6700으로 바꿔야 반파운드 정도 줄겠군요.
프레임 무게들도 비교를 해보니 일반적인 카본 프레임들은 1.1kg이 넘는 경우가 많고요.
서벨로나 스콧이 좀 가볍게 나오는데 이 경우가 1kg 미만으로 나옵니다.
결국 알루미늄이나 카본이나 무게차이는 많지 않다고 봐도 될 것 같습니다.
고급 프레임으로 비교한다면 200g 정도 나지 않을까 싶네요.
고급 알루미늄과 중간가 카본은 비슷할 것 같습니다. 가격도 비슷하겠죠.
대신 충격흡수가 카본 프레임이 탁월합니다.
제 경우는 적당한 카본에, Ultegra 6700에 풀 카본 포크를 넣는다면 400g 정도 줄어들겠군요.
그럼 대충 15파운드대가 나오겠습니다.
Frame: Dedacciai Force 7003-T6 Aluminium Frame
Fork: Weyless Carbon fork with Alloy steerer
Wheels: Easton EA90 SLX
Tires: Hutchinson Fusion2
Shifter: Shimano Ultegra STI, 9 Speed 6500
Front Deraileur: Shimano Ultegra 6500
Rear Deraileur: Shimano Ultegra 6500
Crank: Shimano Ultegra 6500 (with 6600 middle chain ring) 52/39/30
Cassette: Shimano Ultegra 6500 12-21T
Pedals: Shimano M747 SPD
Saddle: Selle Italia Max Flight Trans Am
Seat Post: Weyless Carbon with Alloy clamp
Handlebar: Weyless Alloy R4 OS
Stem: Felt 1.2 110mm
Headset: Cane Creek
Brakeset: Shimano Ultegra w/Shimano Ultegra STI levers 6500
Weight:
- without pedal and etc: 16.2lb (7.35 Kg)
- with pedal and etc: 17.4lb (7.89 kg)
페달, 물통 케이지, 속도계 등등 무게가 1.2 lb 정도로 가정하면
16.2 lb = 7.35 kg 정도 나갈 듯 하다.
오리지널 무게가 18.2 lb로 기억이 나는데, 사이즈를 고려한다면 18.0 lb라고 가정하면
1.8 lb가 줄었다는 이야기인가?
휠에서 500g,
싯포스트, 안장에서 100g,
체인링, 카세트에서 100g 정도
나머지는 어디서 줄어들었으려나?
UCI 룰에 프로들 무게제한은 6.8 kg이라고 한다.
아직 1kg은 더 줄일 수 있겠지만 줄일 곳은 포크와 프레임에서 500g 정도
컴포넌트에서 400g 정도는 줄일 수 있으려나...
이 정도 무게면 카본 자전거에 크게 뒤지지도 않는 듯 하다.
다운힐은 무페달링 코스팅을 했지만, 낙타등 구간에서 전력질주, 평지 비슷한 구간에서 전력질주했더니
기록이 갱신이 되었다. 종전 기록은 6분 30초 정도.
숨이 차오는 것을 봐서는 zone 5에 꽤나 오래 머물렀던 것 같다.
MTB로는 이정도가 기록의 한계가 아닐까나.
그러나 로드로도 다운힐에서 속도를 더 못내기 때문에 크게 차이가 없을 듯 하다.
섬머타임이 다시 시작하면서 어제부터 다시 자전거 출퇴근을 재개했다.
연속 9분대에 도착할 수 있었다. 이전 기록은 8분대 후반이었지만,
한때는 9분대도 넘을 수 없는 벽으로 보였으니, 이제는 좀 천천히 온다고 생각해도
9분대면 도착할 수가 있다.
8분 30초는 언제나 도달할 수 있을까나...
CC-3로 측정해보니,
0.75%는 12.05 cm
1.00%는 12.08 cm가 나온다.
역으로 환산해보면 오리지널 체인의 길이는 11.9603 cm가 나온다.
집에 있는 체인들 체크해보니 오래탄 MTB도 12 cm로 0.33%로 양호
1200마일 정도 탄 체인은 11.98cm로 0.165% 로 아주 양호했다.
이제 체인 더 오래써야겠다.
Very popular due to its lightness. Ideal for road, off-road and time-trial frames.
Weight: 1150g.
Alex A-Class ALX300 wheelset information (http://www.aclass-wheels.com/road_alx300.html)
| 자전거 /공개 2009. 2. 10. 08:48
MODEL |
ALX300 / ALX300 TRI | |
FRONT |
REAR | |
300 700C 24H |
300 700C 28H | |
300 TRI 650C 24H | 300 TRI 650C 28H | |
RIM |
A-Class "EXA" material MATTE BLACK W/CSW W/SSE |
A-Class "EXA" material MATTE BLACK W/CSW W/SSE |
HUB |
AXLE AL-7075 JAPANESE SEALED BEARINGS SANDED BLACK OLD: 100mm |
AXLE AL-7075 JAPANESE SEALED BEARINGS CASSETTE FREEHUB FOR 8S, 9S, 10S SANDED BLACK OLD: 130mm |
SPOKE |
STAINLESS BLACK |
STAINLESS |
LACE |
RADIAL 300 (281mmL) 300 TRI (256mmL) |
R: 3 CROSS 300 (294mmL) 300 TRI (294mmL) |
L: 3 CROSS 300 (296mmL) 300 TRI (272mmL) | ||
WEIGHT |
300 740g |
300 1030g |
300 TRI 720g | 300 TRI 954g |
EA90 SLX Clincher wheels
The EA90 SLX wheel set is hand-built for the rider/racer that refuses to compromise. Features include: New Gen 4 front/rear specific rims, Sapim™ double-butted stainless steel spokes, and new silky smooth R4 hubs. Easton’s ultimate lightweight clincher wheel set for climbing, sprinting and race-winning domination.
Wheel size | 700C |
---|---|
Weight | 700C - Front: 610 g, Rear 862 g, Pair: 1472 g |
Hubs | R4-series. Black anodized finish. Precision-sealed cartridge bearings with asymmetrical, low-drag seals. Tool-free bearing preload adjustment front and rear. |
Cassette Body | All alloy, oversized inboard ratchet mechanism with three pawls. Precision-sealed cartridge bearings with asymmetrical, low-drag seals. Shimano, Campagnolo, and SRAM 8/9/10 speed compatible. |
Rims | Gen4. Black anodized shot-peen finish. Welded machined brake surface, 21mm front, 25mm rear. View rim profile. |
Spokes | Sapim™ DB 2.0/1.7/2.0 stainless steel silver |
Spoke Count | 18 front, 24 rear |
Nipples |
|
<'09 >
EA90 SLX Clincher
Best for: Hilly road racing and training
The EA90 SLX wheel set is hand-built for the rider/racer that refuses to compromise. Features include: New Gen 4 front/rear specific rims, Sapim™ double-butted stainless steel spokes, and new silky smooth R4 hubs. Easton’s ultimate lightweight clincher wheel set for climbing, sprinting and race-winning domination.
Wheel size | 700C |
---|---|
Weight | 1398 grams |
Hubs | F-R4 SL, R-R4 SL |
Spokes | Sapim™ double-butted silver 18F radial 24R radial / 2-cross DS |
Nipples | Alloy Red RNDS: Alloy Red RDS: Alloy Red |
Bearings | Grade 3 hybrid ceramic |